What does the term 'stall' mean in aviation?

In aviation, the term 'stall' specifically refers to the condition that occurs when a wing exceeds its critical angle of attack, leading to a significant reduction in lift. This phenomenon happens when the airflow separates from the upper surface of the wing, which disrupts the airflow over the wing and causes a loss of lift.

A stall can occur at any airspeed or configuration, but it is more likely to happen during turns, climbs, or other maneuvers that increase the angle of attack. It is crucial for pilots to recognize the signs of an impending stall and understand how to recover from one, as stalls can lead to a loss of control if not managed properly. This understanding forms a core part of flight training and safety.

Other options, while related to aviation, do not accurately define a stall in the context of flight dynamics and aerodynamics. For example, a sudden stop of the aircraft due to engine failure describes a different scenario of mechanical failure rather than aerodynamic performance. Similarly, the descent rate during landing refers to controlled approaches rather than stall phenomena, and a maneuver to gain altitude quickly pertains to specific flight techniques rather than the stall situation itself.